Chiari malformation (CM) refers to an uncommon structural defect in the cerebellum, characterized by a downward displacement of one or both cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum. Chiari malformation has been categorized into three types, according to the anatomy of the brain tissue that is displaced into the spinal canal, and whether developmental abnormalities of the brain or spine are present.
Symptoms
As mentioned above, CM has three types. Depending on the type and severity, it can cause different symptoms. Here list the most common signs of CM, including:
- Severe Headache;
- Neck pain;
- Unsteady gait (problems with balance);
- Poor hand coordination;
- Numbness and tingling of the hands and feet;
- Dizziness;
- Swallowing problems, such as gagging;
- Speech problems, such as hoarseness.
Causes
Different types of CM may result from different factors.
- The section of your skull containing a part of your brain (cerebellum) is too small or is deformed, thus putting pressure on and crowding your brain, which will trigger CM type I.
- CM type II is typically caused by a form of spina bifida called myelomeningocele.
Doctors will figure out the specific etiology by full and accurate diagnosis.
Treatments
Treatment options depend on the form, severity and symptoms of CM, including regular monitoring, medications and surgery.
If you have any of the signs and symptoms that may be associated with Chiari malformation, please go to see your doctor for an evaluation.
